Monthly Archives: October 2006

Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences

Tradition has it that on this day, October 31, in 1517, Martin Luther posted on the Castle Church door in Wittenberg, Germany his “Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences.” This invitation to scholarly debate is now commonly known as the “95 Theses” and is considered a pivotal moment in the Protestant Reformation.  (More information on the 95 Theses from Wikipedia)

This was an academic and scholarly document, no question about that.  Luther was a theology professor and wanted to debate theology.  And this was not mainstream theology.  Luther was directly challenging the church doctrine of the day, a doctrine that had economic implications for the church.  But while he was challenging the church doctrine and theology, at this point he was not challenging the existence of the church itself.  In an effort to preserve the status quo the “powers that be” realized the threat this posed to them, their authority, and their way of life.  As events unfolded the stakes were raised and a renegade branch of the Roman church split off to form what is today the Lutheran Church.  It is interesting to note that probably the only reason that Martin Luther did not meet a swift and sudden end was that in God’s providence there was a political structure in place that chose to, and was able to, protect him.

Fast forward to today:  Yes, I have structured this commentary to have direct parallels to the current crisis, and yes I deliberately use that word, in the PC(USA).  When the 217th GA passed the PUP report and the new Authoritative Interpretation, I had hoped that the polity and theological issues would play themselves out decently and in order.  I had hoped and prayed that members, churches and presbyteries would take a step back and make it happen that “nothing had changed.”  Instead, as we have seen, the AI has raised a significant level of distrust in the “powers that be.” (Yes I know, we are Presbyterians and the “powers that be” are supposed to be us as presbyters.)  And the gang in Louisville isn’t doing us any favors by having file cabinets full of legal memos and actively helping synods and presbyteries pursue civil litigation against congregations.  In the last two weeks I have had several conversations with people, sessions, executives, and other officers and much of what I have been hearing makes the PC(USA) sound like an inverted triangle with the mission and the program on the overloaded top coming down to the “people in the pews” rather than the church being founded on a base guiding and doing mission.  The PC(USA) may win the battle but lose the war.

In this press for invoking the trust clause to protect property and per capita I close with G-3.0400 from the PC(USA) Book of Order:

The Church is called to undertake [its] mission even at the risk of losing its life, trusting in God alone as the author and giver of life, sharing the gospel, and doing those deeds in the world that point beyond themselves to the new reality in Christ.

Happy Reformation Day

Summary of three PC(USA) Decisions

As I take my morning coffee break I bring you three items from other Presbyterian Blogs that I have not seen in news sources or Presbyterian documents yet:

1)  Toby Brown reports in his blog classicalpresbyterian that the General Assembly Permanent Judicial Commission has agreed to hear the case of George Stewart vs. Mission Presbytery that he has been involved in.  In addition the GAPJC has issued a stay of enforcement.  The case involves an inquirer in Mission Presbytery whose lifestyle is not in accord with G-6.0106b and whether they can be advanced to candidacy as the Presbytery voted.  The Synod PJC had a tie vote so the Presbytery action would have stood had the GAPJC not taken the case.  You can also read Toby’s original article about it and his post on the Synod PJC (non-)decision.

And two items from Tom Gray’s blog: tomgrayofthekirk
2)  The first is a comment to his blog that he posts about the decision of Western North Carolina Presbytery at their Presbytery meeting on October 19 to pass, by a wide margin, the document “Guidelines for Congregations Considering A Request to Presbytery to be Dismissed.”  The description of the meeting comes from a reader of his blog who was at the Presbytery meeting.  The Layman has posted a copy of the original proposal that went out in the commissioner packets as well as their own account of the Presbytery meeting.

3)  The second from Tom is an update that arguments in their property case have been heard in Oklahoma court and the judge has promised a decision at 4:30 pm on Thursday October 26.

PJC Decision: Colonial PC vs. Grace PC

A much anticipated ruling by the General Assembly Permanent Judicial
Commission of the PC(USA) was released today.  In ruling on Session
of Colonial Presbyterian Church, Kansas City, Missouri v. Session of
Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church, Overland Park, Kansas
, the GAPJC overturned the rulings of the PJC’s of Heartland Presbytery and the Synod of Mid-America PJC’s.

The case originated from the Session of Colonial Presbyterian Church’s
claim that in examining individuals for ordination as deacons and
elders they did not properly inquire into whether their lifestyle was
in compliance with section G-6.0106b of the Book of Order as guided by
the GAPJC case of Wier v. Session, Second Presbyterian Church of Ft.
Lauderdale, FL.

The Presbytery PJC dismissed the complaint for “failure to state a
claim upon which a relief can be granted” and the Synod PJC
agreed.  They ruled that Colonial had not provided substantial
grounds for filing a complaint beyond the initial allegation.

The GAPJC found that for the purpose of going forward to trial a PJC must accept allegations as true.  Specifically:

There are sufficient allegations presented in this
Complaint, that, if assumed true, would state a claim upon which relief
could be granted. The assumption of truth of alleged facts is only for
the purpose of determining this preliminary jurisdictional question.
The ultimate determination of whether or not those facts alleged are
indeed true is properly left to the trier of fact. If it is determined
that the session’s examination of elders-elect was not sufficient, then
the presbytery has the authority to require that future examinations be
conducted in compliance with the Constitution.

The case has been sent back to the presbytery PJC for trial before July 1, 2007.

The PC(USA) news service has issued a press release on the story.

Comment:  While this is a procedural ruling and the Presbytery PJC will be rehearing the case, it strikes me that this decision lowers the bar, or clarifies where it is, and will have wider application in cases that will get heard by PJC’s.  It is too early to see how much this will raise the case load for PJC’s.

Odds and Ends

A number of short, but interesting and relevant, items flashed across my screen in the last couple of days so here is a round-up:

PC(USA) Choses a theme for the next, 2008 General Assembly in San Jose, California.  According to an item from the Presbyterian News Service the Committee of the Office of the General Assembly as the theme for the next GA Micah 6:8:

He has told you, O mortal, what is good; and what does the Lord
require of you but to do justice, to love kindness and to walk humbly
with your God?
(Micah 6:8, NRSV)

The Rev. Mark Malcolm, a 32 year old Church of Scotland minister has been chosen as the next moderator of the Presbytery of Lothian.  Mark is believed to be the youngest to be elected to that position.  (That would be young in our presbytery, even for a minister.)  He is the pastor of Ormiston and Pencaitland Parish Church and regularly plays on a rugby team.  More about Mark from the East Lothian Courier as well as a great description of what the moderator’s role is.

And finally, a BBC News item headlined “Church Must Become Less Formal:  The Presbyterian Church must become less formal in order for it to survive, a Presbyterian minister has said.”  The odd thing about the article is that it is really about Prof. Laurence Kirkpatrick of Union Theological College in Belfast and his new book “Presbyterians in Ireland.”  Almost all of the article is about his new book, a book that sounds interesting and includes exterior photographs of almost every Presbyterian church in Ireland.  Only the headline and the lead paragraph seem to mention “appealing to young people.”

News story – PC(USA) income down

A brief wire story that the Associated Press put out and carried today by Forbes online and The Christian Post puts hard numbers on what most of us would expect:  The amount of money making it to the PC(USA) national office in Louisville is down from what was anticipated.  Specifically, the news story, quoting the financial officer, says that $12.8 million will be received by the office instead of the anticipated $13.2 million.  The reason?  Members dissatisfaction with recent actions by the headquarters and decisions by GA.  What will the PC(USA) do?  To quote the article, “limiting expenditures.”

Any questions?

Selecting the next Moderator of the GA of the Church of Scotland

The nomination process has begun for the next moderator of the Church of Scotland General Assembly.  There are three candidates and a 54 member nominating committee will select the moderator designee in about two weeks on Oct. 31.  The committee hears from a proposer and seconder for each candidate.

The Church of Scotland announced the nominees yesterday on their web site and today the Scotsman.com profiles the three candidates who are:

The Rev Sheilagh Kesting, 53, of St Andrew’s High in Musselburgh,
East Lothian.  She has been active as the secretary to the committee on ecumenical relations in the Church of Scotland and was selected as one of the rotation ministers to preach to the royal family at Balmoral last month.  If selected, she would be the first woman minister to serve as moderator.

The Rev Dr Norman Shanks, 64, at one time a career civil
servant who, since 2003, has served as the minister at Govan Old Parish Church in Glasgow.  He has also been a theology lecturer and the leader of the Iona Community.

The Rev William Wallace, 67, formerly a dentist, has for over 30 years been the minister for Wick.

High Profile Church of Scotland GA Moderator

I don’t know if I have an increased sensitivity to it this year for some reason, or if it is really the case, but the Rt. Rev. Alan McDonald, current moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, seems to be higher profile in the popular press than any of his predecessors in that position.

He as been quite outspoken against the replacing of Trident ICBM submarines at naval bases in Scotland.  The Good News from yesterday carries the most recent account of his comments at public meetings, usually with leaders from other denominations.  This particular meeting was in London, so he does stray from Scotland for these comments.  There have been many articles in the Scottish and British press about his outspoken stand on this topic.

But now Rev. McDonald is being widely reported on for his comments about the commercialization of Christmas and the recovery of the true meaning of it.  The reports are covering a speech he gave to the organization Alternativity a week ago.  According to the news articles, Alternativity reaches out to the poor and forgotten in society to be sure they are not forgotten at Christmas time.

However, the reports of his comments, like those on the Christian Today web site, seem to focus on remembering those members of society who are frequently forgotten at Christmas.  Some examples from the Christian Today article:

“It is vital to encourage thoughts of the present and not to think only
of the kitsch Victorian Christmas card scene of Bethlehem… but to think
of Bethlehem today and for the peace that is so longed for”

“It is of great concern that so many people feel under pressure to
present the perfect Christmas. The poorest in our society, and women,
are particularly vulnerable at this time of year. Alternativity gives
people the confidence to take small steps away from the commercial
Christmas.”

The Sunday Herald makes a brief mention of Rev. McDonald’s comments in an article on “Christmas Creep” and another article in The Herald is completely devoted to the speech, noting that it got a “mixed reaction from retailers.”

Regarding the Moderator’s higher profile, it is interesting to see the increased coverage of the Church of Scotland.

About Rev. McDonald’s comments on Christmas, it is curious to see that the reports are on what the Herald calls the “values of Christmas.”  In none of these three articles is there specific mention of Jesus, the PERSON of Christmas.  I don’t know if this goes back to the original comments themselves or to the reporting on the comments, but it is a bit disturbing to me to see the “meaning of Christmas” reduced to the “values” and not the “incarnation.”  It is the “exhibition of the Kingdom” with out the “proclamation of the Gospel.”

My thoughts, take them for what they are worth.

Pittsburgh Presbytery approves constitutional ordination guidelines

Today’s Pittsburgh Post-Gazette is reporting on their web site that at yesterday’s regular meeting of the Pittsburgh Presbytery the presbytery approved by 148-105 a motion declaring the ordination standards in the PC(USA) Book of Order the standards for their presbytery.  The story reports that two protests were filed after the vote.

Winning the battle but losing the war at the PC(USA)

I have commented on this before, but after a conversation yesterday and reading the news out of Louisville, I was again reminded of the road the PC(USA) appears to be directing itself down.  While the Office of the General Assembly seems intent on fighting tooth and nail to at least keep the property in the denomination, even if there are no members in those pews, the question raised last night was “At what cost?”  And while my main concern in previous posts was the cost of people, attitudes and spiritual well-being, the cost discussed yesterday was pure money.

As we looked at presbytery, synod, and national budgets it seemed to us that the PC(USA) is headed for trouble.  Not only is the declining membership, by both the ongoing decline and now the churches withdrawing, going to put the squeeze on “per capita” funds, but in places the legal expenses are mounting fast.  At least one presbytery, and the synod by extension, is accumulating large legal bills in its litigation against multiple churches.  And as they plan the budget for next year they are trying to figure out how to raise the funds to pay the bills, probably at the expense of significant ministry opportunities.  And Santa Fe and Sierra Blanca presbyteries are on record questioning their role and future viability.

The denomination has acknowledged these challenges in several press releases coming out of last month’s General Assembly Council meeting.  These include “GAC, PC(USA) Executives look for ‘a new way’“, a story about a joint meeting between GAC and presbytery executives.  Discussion groups looked at the future of the denomination and the article says:

One small group went so far as to suggest that the 2008 General
Assembly take no actions, but spend it’s entire time in discernment of
God’s mission for the church. Another group suggested that annual
statistical reports be replaced by reports on governing bodies’
discernment of their mission.

Another news article about the meeting entitled “Turning mazes into labyrinths” lists eleven items for discussion including this interesting one:

The congregational dilemma — what is job one? (“The denomination has
not lost members; local congregations have lost members.”);

On the one hand, I’ll admit that no one is a member of the General Assembly, they are a member of a local congregations.  But is this intended to negate that fact that when I sometimes tell people that I attend a PC(USA)  church they say “Isn’t that the church that _____________?”  Fill in the blank with your favorite controversial topic be it the Trinity report, the 9/11 book, the divestment in Israel, the list goes on.  I hate to break it to the folks in Louisville, but the PC(USA) an image problem, or a disconnect, that is hurting the local congregations, not the other way around!

Another article titled “Forward into the unknown” details comments that GA Moderator Joan Gray made to the GAC.  I am encouraged that at times Rev. Gray seems to have her head on straight about this and is very pragmatic.  In particular, she is blunter than most about the situation:

The ways of being a denomination that have served
us so well for so many years, in which I was raised and trained and
done my ministry for the past 30 years, are passing away, some so
slowly that we barely recognize it, some very fast.

We
have come to a time when any person with a computer can access a
universe of resources, programs and relationships. And churches are not
looking to the national office for these things much any more.

And a final article, “Reorganizing principles,” discusses the new GAC executive director Linda Valentine’s comments at the meeting.  Facing a nearly 10% budget reduction from last spring and a continuing series of layoffs to downsize the denominational offices, she too discusses the changes that are taking place.

Thus, responsiveness, accountability and collaboration, Valentine said,
are the “restructuring principles” undergirding the current GAC
reorganization, which was set in motion by the council at the end of
April.

So where does this leave the PC(USA) at this juncture?  Nice words from the top but I think many of us have heard these before from GA, synods, and maybe even our presbyteries.  Are we “rearranging deck chairs on the Titanic” or will this have a real trickle-down to the congregations?  Are we reducing expenses and selling off property just to balance the budget and then we will turn around in one, five, ten more years and have to do it all over again.

I am struck by two things in this series of articles:
First, a lot of talk about restructuring, about doing new things, increased communication, all of that.  But I saw very little about individual congregations and reconnecting with the people in the pews.  It is still about Louisville.
Second, I was looking carefully but saw no comments in any of these articles from the Stated Clerk, the Rev. Clifton Kirkpatrick.  I will let that observation stand without further comment about conspiracy theories or that old science of “Kremlinology.”  But if GAC says or does something, will OGA follow?

So what is the future of the PC(USA)?  Can the denomination reconnect with the people in the pews or is all hope of that gone with the decline of main-line denominations?  And what will be sold/cut next to hold the denomination together?

Report of Administrative Commission on Riverside PC, Presbytery of Prospect Hill

Riverside Presbyterian Church of Linn Grove, Iowa, voted to leave the PC(USA) over the summer, the Session voting on June 28 and the congregation on July 30.  At a called presbytery meeting on August 14 an administrative commission was formed to handle the situation and the report of that administrative commission to the September 9 presbytery meeting is now posted on the presbytery web site.

Reading through the report it presents one side of the story.  The report says that the AC was aiming to be pastoral and possibly conciliatory but they say that they were stopped from carrying out their task by the church’s lawyer and the leaders of the church prohibiting them from leading worship services and holding meetings.  So, they have gotten their own lawyer, sent stronger letters, and are ready to bring in the Office of the General Assembly.

This is one side of the story.  It would be interesting to hear the church’s side and I will keep looking for it.